Can I use a different pasta shape?
Yes. Cavatappi works well because its ridges hold sauce, but elbow, penne, or rigatoni are good substitutes.
How spicy is this mac and cheese?
Moderately spicy from three jalapeños and pepper jack cheese. Remove jalapeño seeds for less heat, or add more for extra kick.
Can I make this ahead?
Yes. Assemble the dish, cover, and refrigerate up to 24 hours. Bake directly from cold, adding 10–15 minutes to baking time.
What's the best way to reheat leftovers?
Cover with foil and reheat in a 350°F oven for 15–20 minutes until warmed through. Add a splash of milk if it's dried out.
Can I substitute the cheese blend?
Yes. Keep pepper jack for heat, but swap mozzarella for Gruyère, or cheddar for sharp cheddar for deeper flavor.